It borders the Indian states of Sikkim in the west, West Bengal and Assam in the south, and Arunachal Pradesh in the east, and it shares a border with China (Xizang - Tibet Autonomous Region) in the north.

With an area of 38,394 km², the country is somewhat smaller than Switzerland or about half the size of the US state of Indiana. Bhutan's landscape is mountainous and interspersed with fertile valleys; it offers a pristine environment with spectacular biodiversity.

The country's landscape offers three major regions. South of the outer foothills of the Himalayas along its southern border is the Dooars (Duar). The Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands are Bhutan's very narrow portion of the subtropical and tropical alluvial floodplains of the Ganges-Brahmaputra lowlands (Indo-Gangetic Plain).

To the north of the plains, the land rises steeply, and the landscape is dominated by the mountains of the Sub-Himalayan Range. The kingdom has one of the most rugged mountain terrains in the world. The 1,000 to 3,000 m high ranges of the sub-alpine Himalayan region (Outer Himalaya) are the main settlement area.

The high mountain region lies south of the border with Tibet with hundreds of unnamed, unmapped, and unclimbed peaks. The Great Himalaya range is home to Bhutan's highest mountain, the 7,570 m high Gangkhar Puensum, which is most likely the highest mountain in the world that has never been climbed by a human being.

Bhutan has a population of 742,000 inhabitants (in 2019); it is South Asia's second least populous country. The capital and largest city are Thimphu. Spoken languages are Dzongkha (official), Tshangla, Nepali, Dzala, Kheng, and other East Bodish languages.

For centuries the kingdom has remained completely isolated from the outside world. Only in 1974, did Bhutan begins to open its isolated country to foreigners; 287 tourists visited Bhutan in that year. Today, more than 200,000 people visit the kingdom each year. All tourists must book their travel through a licensed Bhutanese tour operator (or international partner).

Map of Bhutan

The map shows Bhutan and surrounding countries with international borders, the national capital Thimphu, dzongkhag capitals, major cities and towns, main roads, and major airports.

You are free to use the above map for educational purposes, please refer to the Nations Online Project.

More about Bhutan

Taktshang Buddhist temple complex, Paro valley, Bhutan
Taktsang is a Buddhist temple complex and monastery located at an elevation of 3120 m in the upper Paro valley. The monastery complex is a cultural landmark of the Kingdom of Bhutan.

Bhutan's largest town is Thimphu, the capital and largest city of Bhutan is located on the west bank of the Thimphu Chu River (Raidāk River).

Phuntsholing at the India-Bhutan border is the nation's financial, industrial, and trading capital.

Paro, the historic town with many sacred sites is also home to the National Museum of Bhutan.

Punakha, the village is known for the Punakha Dzong, a 17th-century fortress at the juncture of the Puna Tsang and Mo Chhu rivers. Behind Phunaka Dzong is Phuntsho Pelri the King's Summer Palace and a royal museum.

Gelephu, the third largest town in the kingdom, is located in the Sarpang district in the central south of the country on the Indian border.

Samdrup Jongkhar is another Bhutanese border town in the southeast of the country bordering India's Assam state.

Gangkhar Puensum is the highest mountain in Bhutan seen from Gophu La Pass. Gangkhar Puensum is Bhutan's highest mountain at an elevation of 7,570 m (24,836 ft) and most likely the highest unclimbed mountain in the world.

Bhutan's Dzongkhags:
Bhutan is divided into twenty dzongkhags (districts). The Administrative Districts of Bhutan are (administrative headquarter in parentheses):
1. Bumthang (Jakar),
2. Chukha (Phuntsholing),
3. Dagana (Daga),
4. Gasa (Gasa),
5. Haa (Ha),
6. Lhuntse (Lhuntse),
7. Mongar (Mongar),
8. Paro (Paro),
9. Pemagatshel (Pema Gatshel),
10. Punakha (Punakha),
11. Samdrup Jongkhar (Samdrup Jongkhar),
12. Samtse (Samtse),
13. Sarpang (Sarpang),
14. Thimphu (Thimphu),
15. Trashigang (Trashigang),
16. Trashiyangtse (Trashi Yangtse),
17. Trongsa (Trongsa),
18. Tsirang (Damphu),
19. Wangdue Phodrang (Wangdue),
20. Zhemgang (Zhemgang).